1. Before learning how to make a synthetic growth hormone, scientists had to remove it painstakingly in small amounts from the pituitary glands of human cadavers.

A. learning how to make a synthetic growth hormone, scientists had to remove it painstakingly

B. scientists learned how to make a synthetic growth hormone, they removed it painstakingly

C. scientists learned how to make a synthetic growth hormone, they had to remove it painstakingly

D. scientists learned how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removed

E. learning how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removed by scientists

2. Many environmentalists, and some economists, say that free trade encourages industry to relocate to countries with ineffective or poorly enforced antipollution laws, mostly in the developing world, and that, in order to maintain competitiveness, rich nations have joined this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution.

A. that, in order to maintain competitiveness, rich nations have joined this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution

B. that, to maintain competitiveness, rich nations join this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution

C. that rich nations join this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution because they want to maintain competitiveness

D. that rich nations joining this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution is a result of wanting to maintain competition

E. that wanting to maintain competition is making rich nations join in this downward slide toward an attitude about pollution that is more lax

3. Industrialization and modern methods of insect control have improved the standard of living around the globe while at the same time they have introduced some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants that have gone virtually unregulated since they were developed more than 50 years ago.

A. while at the same time they have introduced some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants that have

B. while at the same time introducing some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants that have

C. while they have introduced some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants at the same time, which have

D. but introducing some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants at the same time that have

E. but at the same time introducing some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants, having

4. Greatly influenced by the Protestant missionary Samuel Kirkland, the Oneida was the only one of the five-nation Iroquois League that sided with the colonists during the American Revolution.

A. was the only one of the five-nation Iroquois League that sided

B. was alone of the five-nation Iroquois League sided

C. were the only ones among the five nations of the Iroquois League that sided

D. were the only ones out of the five nations of the Iroquois League in siding

E. only of the five-nation Iroquois League had sided

5. Even though Clovis points, spear points with longitudinal grooves chipped onto their faces, have been found all over North America, they are named for the New Mexico site where they were first discovered in 1932.

A. Even though Clovis points, spear points with longitudinal grooves chipped onto their faces, have been found all over North America, they are named for the New Mexico site where they were first discovered in 1932.

B. Although named for the New Mexico site where first discovered in 1932, Clovis points are spear points of longitudinal grooves chipped onto their faces and have been found all over North America.

C. Named for the New Mexico site where they have been first discovered in 1932, Clovis points, spear points of longitudinal grooves chipped onto the faces, have been found all over North America.

D. Spear points with longitudinal grooves that are chipped onto the faces, Clovis points, even though named for the New Mexico site where first discovered in 1932, but were found all over North America.

E. While Clovis points are spear points whose faces have longitudinal grooves chipped into them, they have been found all over North America, and named for the New Mexico site where they have been first discovered in 1932.

6. The artist Renoir’s last word was “flowers,” spoken as they arranged a bouquet of roses just picked from his garden in a vase on his bedroom windowsill.

A. as they arranged a bouquet of roses just picked from his garden

B. as a bouquet of roses had been just picked from his garden and was being arranged

C. as a bouquet of roses just picked from his garden was being arranged

D. during the arrangement of a bouquet of roses just picked from his garden

E. while they arranged a bouquet of roses that had just been picked from his garden

7. Used by many natural history museum curators in the preparation of animal skeletons for display, dermestid beetles feed on the decaying flesh of animal carcasses, pulling with its mouthparts to strip the bone of any residual fat or muscle tissue.

A. dermestid beetles feed on the decaying flesh of animal carcasses, pulling

B. dermestid beetles feed on the decaying flesh of animal carcasses and pull

C. the dermestid beetle feeds on the decaying flesh of animal carcasses and pulls

D. the dermestid beetle feeds on the decaying flesh of animal carcasses, pulling

E. the dermestid beetle feeds on the decaying flesh of animal carcasses and it pulls

1. Everyone who has graduated from Topnotch High School has an intelligence quotient (IQ) of over 120. Most students with an IQ of over 120 and all students with an IQ of over 150 who apply to one or more Ivy League universities are accepted to at least one of them. The statements above, if true, best support which of the following conclusions?

A. Every graduate of Topnotch High School with an IQ of 150 has been accepted to at least one Ivy-League school.

B. If a person is a high-school graduate and has an IQ of less than 100, he or she could not have been a student at Topnotch High School.

C. At least one graduate from topnotch high school who has applied to at least one Ivy-League university has been accepted to one of them.

D. If a high-school graduate has an IQ of 150 and is not attending an Ivy-League school, then he or she did not apply to one of them.

E. If a person has an IQ of 130 and is attending an Ivy-League school, it is possible for him or her to have graduated from Topnotch High School.

2. In response to the increasing cost of producing energy through traditional means, such as combustion, many utility companies have begun investing in renewable energy sources, chiefly wind and solar power, hoping someday to rely on them completely and thus lower energy costs. These sources require significant initial capital investment, but the operating costs are not so high; so the utility companies claim that they will provide stable energy supplies at low costs. As one can easily see, these sources will be less risky for the utilities than non-renewable sources, such as gas, oil, and coal, whose prices can fluctuate dramatically according to availability. The claim of the utility companies assumes which of the following?

A. The public will embrace the development of wind and solar power.

B. No new deposits of gas, oil, and coal will be discovered in the near future.

C. The necessary technology for conversion to wind and solar power is not more expensive than the technology needed to create energy through combustion.

D. Obtaining energy from non-renewable sources, such as gas, oil and coal, cannot be made less risky.

E. Weather patterns are consistent and predictable.

3. Doctor: Research shows that adolescents who play video games on a regular basis are three times as likely to develop carpal tunnel syndrome as are adolescents who do not play video games. Federal legislation that prohibits the sale of video games to minors would help curb this painful wrist condition among adolescents. The doctor’s conclusion depends on which of the following assumptions?

A. Most parents would refuse to purchase video games for their adolescent children.

B. The majority of federal legislators would vote for a bill that prohibits the sale of video games to minors.

C. Not all adolescents who play video games on a regular basis suffer from carpal tunnel syndrome.

D. Playing video games is the only way an adolescent can develop carpal tunnel syndrome.

E. The regular playing of video games by adolescents does not produce such beneficial effects as better hand-eye coordination and improved reaction time.

1. The tone of the passage could best be described as

A. supportive advocacy

B. cautious endorsement

C. disinterested explanation

D. intellectual exploration

E. qualified support

2. The passage indicates that each of the following may be considered an advantage of LCD displays relative to other display technologies EXCEPT

A. they consume less power

B. they generally have more pixels per square inch of the display

C. they are able to display continuous video graphics images with no interruption

D. they reflect a widely adopted standard

E. they represent the latest, most advanced technology

3. The process through which an LCD monitor displays different colors is most closely analogous to

A. An hourglass partially blocked such that a limited stream of grains of sand fall into the lower portion

B. A series of filters that separate all of the components of a mixture according to size

C. A recording studio soundproofed so that any performances within are muted to those outside

D. A piece of construction paper with outlines of characters cut out such that a lamp in front of the paper casts shadows in the shapes of the characters

E. An air vent that emits warmer air outside of a building while an air conditioning system cools the interior of the building

Drop down 1

A. KCl

B. KI

C. KNO3

D. NaNO3

E. SO2

Drop down 2

A. KCl

B. KClO3

C. NaCl

D. NaNO3

E. SO2